FROM A DISTANCE

For both of you betrayed me with the Israelites at the waters of Meribah at Kadesh in the wilderness of Zin. You failed to demonstrate my holiness to the people of Israel there. So you will see the land from a distance, but you may not enter the land I am giving to the people of Israel. [Deuteronomy 32:51-52 (NLT)]

Grand Canyon - Roaring Springs CanyonThe Israelites had been away from Israel for less than two months when they arrived at Rephidim. With no water to drink, the people complained, questioned whether the Lord was with them, criticized Moses, and then threatened him. Fearing for his life, Moses asked God what to do. Instructing him to strike a rock with his staff, God promised that water would come gushing out and, as promised, it did. The miracle was memorialized by the name given to this location, Massah (meaning testing) and Meribah (meaning quarreling.) Unfortunately, that was not the last time the Israelites tested the Lord and quarreled with Moses.

While still at Rephidim, Israel was attacked by Amalekites. Joshua led the men against their foes and Moses, Aaron, and Hur watched from a hill while holding that same staff high for Israel to see. Israel was victorious that day. In acknowledgement that their victory actually belonged to God because He was the source of their strength and courage, Moses built an altar and named it Yahweh-Nissi, meaning the Lord is my banner.

Nearly forty years later, a new generation of Israelites arrived in the wilderness of Zin to camp at Kadesh. As happened at Rephidim, there was no water. Apparently forgetting that their 38 extra years of wandering were because of their and their parents’ testing and quarreling, the people rebelled against Moses and Aaron. The brothers wisely took the problem to God who again gave them specific instructions. This time, however, Moses was to take the staff, speak to the rock, and watch as the water poured out. Rather than follow God’s directions, however, Moses angrily spoke to the people, “Must we bring you water from this rock?” and then struck the rock twice with his staff. Despite his disobedience, God graciously provided water and the people drank their fill. But, because Israel quarreled again with the Lord, this place also became known as the waters of Meribah.

Because Moses and Aaron had defied a direct command from God, they were punished and neither man was allowed to enter the Promised Land. Granted, Moses was tired, frustrated, and annoyed. He’d spent a third of his life leading over two million of these “stiff-necked people” and now, with the end in sight, they again complained, protested his leadership, and doubted the Lord. Perhaps it was his frustration and anger that led him to disobey God.

On the other hand, perhaps it was his pride. Nearly forty years had passed since bringing forth water from the rock at Rephidim and Moses may have forgotten whose power brought about that miracle as well as their victory over the Amalekites. In those decades of leading the people through the wilderness, had Moses forgotten who actually provided forty years’ worth of guidance and miracles? Had he mistakenly come to think that he and his staff held the power? By saying that he and Aaron would bring the people water, Moses appears to have thought the miracle would come from him rather than God! Once in sight of the finish line, the men showed too much faith in themselves and too little faith in God.

God is quite direct when telling us what to do and how to do it. He expects us to do it His way and we break faith with Him whenever we disobey. We also break faith with Him when we fail to acknowledge His presence and power. “To God be the glory,” are not to be empty words. God told Isaiah, “I will not give my glory to anyone else, nor share my praise with carved idols.” [42:8] He’s certainly not about to share it with mere mortals either!

Although Moses saw Canaan from a distance, he and Aaron missed the blessing for which they had waited forty years. We don’t want just to view the Promised Land; like Moses, we want to enter it! Let’s never forget who actually provides us with the guidance, wisdom, strength, and ability to attain whatever success we have on our journey through life. Like Moses’ staff, we are merely God’s instruments; both the power and glory belong to Him.

Not to us, O Lord, not to us, but to your name goes all the glory for your unfailing love and faithfulness. [Psalm 115:1 (NLT)]   

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UNCLEAN – Mark 5 (Part 2)

“But this is the new covenant I will make with the people of Israel after those days,” says the Lord. “I will put my instructions deep within them, and I will write them on their hearts. I will be their God, and they will be my people.” [Jeremiah 31:33-34 (NLT)]

little blue heronThe book of Leviticus outlined several things that could make someone ceremonially or ritually unclean. These things included bodily discharges, touching a corpse, and skin infections, as well as contact with any unclean person or thing. By Jesus’ day, even entering a Gentile’s home made someone unclean. Anything and anyone an unclean person touched became unclean and, anyone who touched them or what they touched also became unclean.

People deemed unclean were barred from participating in worship, offering sacrifices, and having access to the Temple. Because ritual impurity was contagious, anyone unclean had to remain separated from the community. Purification ceremonies were required before returning to a state of ritual cleanness and they varied with the severity of the uncleanness. Because uncleanness could come from normal bodily functions or factors beyond their control, even devout Jews became unclean at some time. Nevertheless, people didn’t deliberately put themselves in situations that would make them unclean. Jesus was the exception to the rule!

Along with their miraculous restoration, the three people Jesus healed in Mark 5 have something else in common—their ritual uncleanness. Living among the dead in the burial caves made the demoniac unclean. Since pigs fed on the hillside near him, he also was unclean because of contact with them. Considering the demoniac’s wild behavior, he probably was soiled by his or the pigs’ feces or urine which also made him ritually unclean (as well as filthy). Jesus, however, didn’t see an unclean Gentile demoniac; he saw a child of God who desperately needed to be freed from Satan’s control!

While Jesus was on the way to Jairus’ home to heal the man’s daughter, He was approached by a woman who had been hemorrhaging for twelve years. Because her bodily discharge made her ritually unclean, she was a pariah who shouldn’t have been out in public. Just by touching Jesus’ robe, she would have passed her uncleanness to Him but, rather than rebuke the woman for her action, He called her “Daughter,” commended her faith, and healed her.

While Jesus was speaking to the bleeding woman, messengers arrived to tell Jairus his daughter was dead. Undeterred, Jesus continued to the man’s home and went into the room where the dead girl lay. Even though He could raise the dead with just a word (as He did with Lazarus), Jesus deliberately held the child’s hand before telling her to get up.  Although having direct contact with a corpse made Him ritually unclean, the moment He took her hand, she transformed from an unclean dead body into a living child.

Those weren’t the only times Jesus put His concern for people before ritual purity. He offered to go to the Roman centurion’s home to heal the man’s servant even though entering a Gentile’s home would make him ceremonially unclean. When Jesus returned to the Gerasenes, he had no qualms about laying hands on a Gentile deaf man. Perhaps the most shocking of Jesus’ actions is found in Mark 1 when a leper kneeling before Him asked to be made clean. In an amazing display of compassion, Jesus deliberately reached out and touched the man to heal him. Rather than being made unclean by the leper, the leper was made clean by Jesus’ touch!

Ritual impurity made people unfit to be in the presence of God. Although many of the things Jesus did would have made a normal Israelite impure, we never read of Him undergoing any sort of purification ritual. Jesus, however, wasn’t an ordinary Israelite. He didn’t need to be purified to enter into the presence of God; He was God! Rather than becoming polluted by touching the unclean, Jesus transformed their impurity to purity because His holiness was contagious! In the New Covenant, people’s purity no longer depends on external regulations; it now depends on the cleansing power of Jesus Christ. His purity is greater than our impurity! Thank you, Lord.

So then, my brothers and sisters, we have boldness to go into the sanctuary through the blood of Jesus. He has inaugurated a brand new, living path through the curtain (that is, his earthly body). We have a high priest who is over God’s house. Let us therefore come to worship, with a true heart, in complete assurance of faith, with our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience and our bodies washed with pure water. [Hebrews 10:19-22 (NTE)]

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THE APOSTLE PAUL (Part 2)

Let God’s curse fall on anyone, including us or even an angel from heaven, who preaches a different kind of Good News than the one we preached to you. I say again what we have said before: If anyone preaches any other Good News than the one you welcomed, let that person be cursed. [Galatians 1:8-9 (NLT)]

chickoryIn his letter to the Galatians, Paul refutes the message of those who preached that adherence to Jewish laws was required of all believers. His are harsh judgmental words from a man who never even walked with Jesus on earth. Why was Paul’s Gospel the definitive one rather than the one the Galatians heard preached by the Judaizers? For the first two chapters of his letter, Paul explains the source of his apostolic authority.

Paul clearly states the divine origin of his message in verse 12: “I received my message from no human source, and no one taught me. Instead, I received it by direct revelation from Jesus Christ.” Saying that he came to the Gospel neither by his own understanding nor by another person’s teaching, Paul claimed his message came from a divine source—the Lord Himself! Indeed, nothing but divine intervention can explain Paul’s incredible conversion from a fanatical persecutor of Christians into an equally fanatical evangelist for Christ’s church! No one with Paul’s background and personality could have been convinced and converted by anyone other than the Lord! He is the poster boy for the Holy Spirit’s transforming power!

To emphasize that he didn’t get the gospel from any man, Paul explained that he spent three years in Arabia after his conversion before returning to Damascus and finally going to Jerusalem to meet Peter. Strict chronology seemed unimportant to Scripture’s writers and, without any punctuation or breaks between words, sentences, paragraphs, or chapters in the original writing, it often is unclear. As best as scholars can figure, Paul’s time in Arabia probably began in Acts 9 between verses 19 and 20. Since any part of a year was considered a year, Paul spent anywhere from as little as 14 months to as much as 36 months in Arabia.

In Paul’s day, Arabia referred to Nabatea, a large and prosperous kingdom east of Galilee extending as far north as Damascus and beyond Petra to the south. When considering those three years, I used to picture a confused Saul retreating into the Nabatean desert to study Scripture and try to reconcile the Christian-hating, Gentile-detesting Pharisee he’d been with the Christ-loving, Gentile-welcoming evangelist he became! I was wrong!

Although it resulted in temporary blindness, Saul’s conversion didn’t result in confusion; meeting Jesus brought clarity to the man. From the moment of his conception, God had been preparing Saul to meet Jesus on that road to Damascus! When that happened, everything he’d learned in the Hebrew Scriptures finally made complete sense! The Apostle has been described as a man who wouldn’t learn to swim by reading about it. He’d jump in the deep end and start paddling and that’s exactly what Saul did following his conversion. Acts tells us he “immediately began preaching about Jesus in the synagogues.” [9:20]

To further emphasize that his message did not come from men, Paul told the Galatians that, when he finally went to Jerusalem (after his time in Arabia), he stayed only two weeks and met just Peter and James. It was some fourteen years after his conversion that Paul went to Jerusalem and finally met with the leaders of the church. At that time, he shared with them the message he was preaching to the Gentiles “to make sure that we were in agreement…and the leaders of the church had nothing to add to what I was preaching.” [Galatians 2:2,6] Independent of the other Apostles, Paul preached the very same gospel they did because, like them, he learned it from Jesus! Paul’s apostolic authority came from God Himself!

“Who are you, lord?” I asked. “And the Lord replied, ‘I am Jesus, the one you are persecuting. Now get to your feet! For I have appeared to you to appoint you as my servant and witness. Tell people that you have seen me, and tell them what I will show you in the future.’” [Acts 26:15-16 (NLT)]

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THE APOSTLE PAUL (Part 1)

I used to believe that I ought to do everything I could to oppose the very name of Jesus the Nazarene. Indeed, I did just that in Jerusalem. Authorized by the leading priests, I caused many believers there to be sent to prison. And I cast my vote against them when they were condemned to death. Many times I had them punished in the synagogues to get them to curse Jesus. I was so violently opposed to them that I even chased them down in foreign cities. [Acts 26:9-11 (NLT)]

red-shouldered hawkOf the twenty-seven books of the New Testament, thirteen are attributed to the Apostle Paul. We know he wrote another letter to the Corinthians and the prolific letter writer probably wrote letters to believers in places like Damascus, Caesarea, and Jerusalem, but these thirteen are all that remain. Considering Nero’s persecution of Christians, the violence during the Jewish revolt, and Domitian’s persecution of Jews and Christians, all of which happened before the end of the 1st century, it’s a wonder that any of Paul’s letters survived! God, however, saw to it that these thirteen ”God-breathed” epistles were preserved and became part of the Christian canon.

What do we know about this man who founded more than a dozen churches—the man scholars consider second only to Jesus in his contribution to Christianity? When we first meet him, he is known by his Jewish name of Saul. As a free-born Roman citizen, he had a commonly used Roman name which was Paullus (Paul). But, as the son of devout Jewish parents, he also had a Hebrew name—Saul—a fitting name for a boy from King Saul’s tribe. It was not until about 15 years after Saul’s conversion, when he moved further into Gentile territory on his first missionary journey, that Saul (and Luke) began using his Roman name of Paul.

Although he was born to Jewish parents in Tarsus, the capital city of Cilicia (modern day Turkey), Paul claimed Jerusalem was his boyhood home and it is believed that his family moved to Jerusalem around 10 AD. As the son of a Pharisee, he would have strictly observed the law and oral traditions and, by the age of five, started studying Scripture and Jewish history. As the son of a tent-maker (or fabric/leather worker), he also would have learned his father’s trade.

Sometime between the ages of 10 and 15, Saul began his studies with the highly esteemed Rabbi Gamaliel, a leader in the Jewish Sanhedrin. As Gamaliel’s student, he would have memorized the Torah and rabbinical traditions. The Apostle’s ability to read, write, and clearly articulate his thoughts in Koine Greek (and quote from the Greek poets), tells us he was extremely well-educated.

As a Pharisee, Judaism consumed Saul’s entire life and he would have been passionate about preserving the faith and traditions he loved. As a result, Saul vehemently opposed the church. While we have no evidence of him killing Christians, he clearly approved of their executions! Wanting to eradicate followers of the Way, Saul zealously went into believers’ homes and dragged both men and women out so they could be imprisoned. He was so enthusiastic about preventing the church from spreading beyond Jerusalem that he requested permission to go Damascus to arrest any Christ followers who may have fled there to avoid persecution. It was on the road to Damascus that Saul literally “saw the light” when he saw the risen Jesus Christ before him. It was then that Saul became a new person in Christ Jesus and the persecutor became an evangelist!

As for Paul’s appearance—an early Christian document describes him as a partly bald, bow-legged, short man with large eyes, long nose, and a unibrow. In 2 Corinthians, Paul refers to having a “thorn” in his flesh but we don’t know the nature of his affliction. Some scholars speculate it may have been an eye problem while others that it possibly was epilepsy. Whatever it was, the condition never deterred the Apostle from his purpose!

With his exceptional education, extensive Biblical knowledge, and intense personality, Saul/Paul was uniquely qualified to become an evangelist for Jesus. Nevertheless, even the best credentials don’t automatically give someone authority. Unlike the twelve apostles, he hadn’t traveled with Jesus from His baptism until His death. He wasn’t there in the upper room or when Christ ascended into heaven. Nevertheless, by the end of the 1st century, Paul’s letters were regarded as authoritative for the church. Why? What gave this man who once mercilessly persecuted Christ’s followers the apostolic authority to preach the gospel, clarify doctrine, or correct the false teachings of others? That question is answered in Part 2.

My old self has been crucified with Christ. It is no longer I who live, but Christ lives in me. So I live in this earthly body by trusting in the Son of God, who loved me and gave himself for me. [Galatians 2:20 (NLT)]

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LUCK

We may throw the dice, but the Lord determines how they fall. [Proverbs 16:33 (NLT)]

blue-eyed daisyWhenever we play Yahtzee, my younger grands blow on the dice to ensure their good luck. Like Yahtzee, life often seems a game of chance where sometimes we’re lucky and sometimes we’re not. Luck, however, has nothing to do with it. For example, King Ahab seemed to have incredibly bad luck when a soldier randomly shot an arrow and accidently hit him right between the joints of his armor. In spite of appearances, however, that wasn’t because of Ahab’s bad luck. Before going into battle, God had pronounced the evil king’s doom through His prophet Micaiah.

It wasn’t luck that caused the sleepless King Xerxes to read about Mordecai saving his life just moments before the evil Haman wanted a death sentence pronounced on the Jew. It was God’s hand that caused the king’s insomnia and turned his attention to that specific event in Babylon’s history. It wasn’t just a lucky break that, out of all the fields in Bethlehem, the widowed Ruth ended up gleaning in the fields of Boaz (who just happened to be Naomi’s kinsman-redeemer). Our sovereign God was firmly in control then and it was He who directed those seemingly chance events.

On the other hand, rather than cause something to happen, God sometimes allows them to happen. He allowed Satan to plague Job, David to take a lustful look at Bathsheba, and He’s allowed me to make a number of bad decisions. While I would prefer attributing their consequences to bad luck, I can’t. They simply were the result of my foolishness, pride, pigheadedness, or disobedience.

As the creator of the universe, God also set a certain number of “laws” in place that keep our lives somewhat predictable. Principles like the laws of gravity, motion, and conservation of energy determine how things will operate in our world. We have twenty-four hours in a day, the sun sets in the west, water flows from a higher to a lower elevation, and if a equals b then b equals a. There even are laws of probability!

These “laws,” however, can be broken by their creator. For example, it wasn’t luck that kept Joshua from running out of sunlight while battling the Amorites; God prolonged the day at his request. Although time may have stopped for Joshua, God made it move backwards for Hezekiah and Isaiah when the sundial’s shadow moved back ten steps. Natural laws were suspended when a three-day plague of darkness descended on the Egyptians (but not the Israelites) and when the Red Sea parted for the Israelites but consumed the Egyptians. Surely turning water into wine broke some laws of chemistry and Jesus and Peter walking on water broke the laws of flotation. None of these, however, were the result of luck.

While we see the practice of casting lots in the Scripture, nothing really is known about the lots themselves. The Israelites cast lots when dividing land among the tribes and when determining positions and duties in the Temple. After Achan wrongly took prohibited plunder from Jericho, it was by casting lots that he was singled out as the guilty party. In Jonah’s story, the sailors cast lots to determine who brought God’s wrath upon their ship and the eleven disciples cast lots to determine who would replace Judas. In those cases, there is no doubt that God stepped in and determined the outcome.

As for my grands and the dice—if He so wanted, God easily could have them throw five of a kind every time but that wouldn’t be luck; it would be God’s will. Nevertheless, I doubt God is going to interfere in a friendly game of Yahtzee. I suspect He’ll allow the dice to fall where they may according to His laws of probability—in which case the end result still will be according to God’s will!

Even though much of life seems random, we live by God’s sovereignty and not by luck. There is no force of good luck that can be coaxed into finding us a parking place, turn lights green, or roll a yahtzee nor is there a force of bad luck that we can blame when those parking places are filled, the lights are red, and we can’t even roll a pair. Whether God is actively causing something to happen or passively allowing it, nothing is a matter of luck. As for the favors and blessings of life—let’s always give credit where credit is due—not to our good luck but to the grace of God.

Nothing whatever, whether great or small, can happen to a believer, without God’s ordering and permission. There is no such thing as “chance,” “luck” or “accident” in the Christian’s journey through this world. All is arranged and appointed by God. And all things are “working together” for the believer’s good. [J.C. Ryle]

And we know that God causes everything to work together for the good of those who love God and are called according to his purpose for them. [Romans 8:28 (NLT)]

Remember the things I have done in the past. For I alone am God! I am God, and there is none like me. Only I can tell you the future before it even happens. Everything I plan will come to pass, for I do whatever I wish. [Isaiah 46:10 (NLT)]

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HIS PRESENCE

During the forty days after he suffered and died, he appeared to the apostles from time to time, and he proved to them in many ways that he was actually alive. And he talked to them about the Kingdom of God. [Acts 1:3 (NLT)]

COMMUNION CUPBy now, the visiting family has returned home; the jelly beans, Peeps, and chocolate eggs have been eaten; the Easter lily has wilted; the baskets and bunny décor are back in their boxes; and the hardboiled eggs are long gone. While Easter has been put away for another year, its message didn’t end with the resurrection.

The resurrection miracle continued for the next forty days during which Jesus was seen, not just by the disciples, but by hundreds of people. Able to appear in a locked room, the resurrected Jesus seemed less limited by time and space than when He was a man. Although Scripture tells us that He wore the scars of His crucifixion, He talked, walked, ate, drank, and could be touched just like anyone who hadn’t endured crucifixion, death, and burial. Can you imagine what it was like for those fortunate enough to spend time in the presence of the resurrected Jesus? No wonder their faith was so strong that they were willing to endure terrible persecution and horrific torture rather than deny their Lord.

While we can only imagine what it was like when people were in the presence of the risen Christ 2,000 years ago, we can come close to that experience when we share in the Lord’s Supper. Most Communion liturgies include Jesus’ words, “Do this in remembrance of me,” and, upon hearing those words, we recall that last supper in the upper room and Jesus’ sacrifice for our sins. Nevertheless, I think we do the Eucharist a disservice when we think of it as little more than a rite to remember an event long past.

Although most Christians believe that Jesus is present in some way during the Eucharist, there is serious disagreement about how and in what form His presence takes; theologians have argued this point of contention for centuries and will continue to do so until the end of time. Nevertheless, while they disagree on things like transubstantiation and consubstantiation, they do agree that in some mysterious way the Lord is present when we eat the bread, drink the wine, and remember His death and resurrection. About this conundrum John Calvin wrote, “It is a mystery too sublime for me to be able to express, or even to comprehend; and to be still more explicit, I would rather experience it, than understand it.”  C.S. Lewis wisely added, “The command after all, was ‘Take and eat,’ not take and understand.”

One day, we will dine with Jesus in His kingdom but, until then, when we celebrate the Lord’s Supper we are as close to touching the body of the resurrected Jesus as we will be here on earth. When we eat that bread and drink that wine or juice, it’s almost like breaking bread with Jesus in Emmaus, being with the disciples in that locked room Easter morning, or having breakfast with Him beside the Sea of Galilee.

In actuality, the miracle of Jesus’ resurrected presence didn’t end when He ascended into heaven forty days after Easter. In some inexplicable way, He’s with us every time we celebrate the Eucharist.

We should come to the Lord’s table with the confident expectation of meeting Christ there, of receiving there a blessing. [Rev. Chas. A. Savage]

And be sure of this: I am with you always, even to the end of the age. [Matthew 28:20 (NLT)]

Look! I stand at the door and knock. If you hear my voice and open the door, I will come in, and we will share a meal together as friends. [Revelation 3:20 (NLT)]

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