SWIMMING WITH HOPE

Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ. Because of his great mercy he has given us new birth into a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead and into an inheritance that is imperishable, undefiled, and unfading, kept in heaven for you. [1 Peter 1:3-4 (CSB)]

Back in 1957 (long before PETA existed), Curt Richter, a professor at Johns Hopkins, conducted a series of cruel and inhumane experiments to demonstrate the power of hope and resilience in overcoming difficult situations. In this case, the difficult situation was rats being put in a bucket of water with no means of escape and timing how long it took them to drown. After two preliminary experiments, Richter hypothesized that introducing hope to the rats would increase their survival times.

In his third experiment, after being dropped into the water, the rats were observed as they progressed towards drowning but were rescued just before they gave up and died. After being dried and given time to recover, they were then re-immersed and the experiment repeated. Once the rats realized intervention and rescue was possible, they had hope of being rescued again. That glimmer of hope in their tiny rodent brains was a motivating factor for their perseverance and resilience and, instead of giving up and drowning within 15 minutes as they earlier did, they managed to swim 60 to 80 hours before finally giving up and drowning in exhaustion. (I said the experiment was cruel!)

In theory, Richter’s study applies to people as well as rats—if we have hope, we can survive (or at least survive longer) but, without hope, we will surely give up and drown. In 1 Peter, we find the Apostle writing to early Christians scattered throughout Asia Minor. Probably written around 64 AD, these new believers were encountering hostility and, before the year ended, they would experience wholesale persecution after Rome burned. Peter, however, wrote of hope, joy, and a priceless inheritance during their many trials. His message applies to Christians today, as well. Although our hope is eternal life, we don’t have to wait until the future to receive it; it is in the here and now! We have an inheritance that never will fade or decay!

Like all believers throughout time, we will encounter trouble and trials in this world but we can be confident in God’s plan and presence, put fear aside, have resilience in trials, and persevere as we tread water in our challenges! As Christians, we have good reason to keep swimming amid our trials and difficulties. Even if we’re not rescued from our problems in this life, we still have hope. Whether we continue to swim or sink, we’ve already been saved and have another, far better life, yet to come!

It’s been said, “Where there’s life, there’s hope!” The fact of life, however, isn’t what determines hope; it’s the faith of our life that does! As Christians, we have a living hope—a confident expectation that our God is present, faithful, and will do as He says. Unlike Richter and his rats, we know that God is not toying with us nor are we subjects of a cruel experiment. He doesn’t give us hope only to snatch it away; the hope He gives us is both living and lasting. We may not be rats but, like Richter’s subjects, we all need a reason to keep swimming! As Christ’s followers, we have it!

A Christian will part with anything rather than his hope; he knows that hope will keep the heart both from aching and breaking, from fainting and sinking; he knows that hope is a beam of God, a spark of glory, and that nothing shall extinguish it till the soul be filled with glory. [Thomas Brooks]

You rejoice in this, even though now for a short time, if necessary, you suffer grief in various trials so that the proven character of your faith—more valuable than gold which, though perishable, is refined by fire—may result in praise, glory, and honor at the revelation of Jesus Christ.…Through him you believe in God, who raised him from the dead and gave him glory, so that your faith and hope are in God. [1 Peter 1:6-7,21 (CSB)]

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YOUR WELFARE IS TIED TO THEIRS (Jeremiah 29 – Part 3)

But seek the welfare of the city where I have sent you into exile, and pray to the Lord on its behalf, for in its welfare you will find your welfare. [Jeremiah 29:7 (ESV)]

pipevine swallowtail butterflyJeremiah told the exiles to work and pray for their captors. He explained that it was the shalom (well-being, peace, health, success, safety, and welfare) of their captors that they would ensure Judah’s shalom. For a people who’d been torn from their homeland and Temple, I expect it was difficult to understand how seeking Babylon’s prosperity would help them; but, it did!

While Daniel and his three friends diligently looked out for Babylon’s interests, I suspect they used their high government positions to protect the interests of their countrymen at the same time. We know that Daniel encouraged Nebuchadnezzar to show mercy to the oppressed. After seeing Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego emerge unscorched from the fiery furnace, Nebuchadnezzar proclaimed that anyone who spoke against their God “would be torn limb from limb” and their houses turned into “heaps of rubble.” It probably was Daniel who precipitated the exiles’ return by showing Cyrus Isaiah’s 150-year-old prophecy naming him as the one who would make possible the Jews’ return to Jerusalem. By serving their captors, they also served their people.

When the first exiles returned to Judah, Cyrus stipulated that the financing for rebuilding the Temple would come from the royal treasury! In addition, he returned all the silver and gold that Nebuchadnezzar plundered from the Temple. Cyrus not only allowed the returnees to take their accumulated wealth with them but he also encouraged donations from those who remained. That Jewish wealth was substantial because the total of their gifts to the Temple was 61,000 gold coins, 6,250 pounds of silver, and 100 robes for their priests! A nation that hadn’t prospered wouldn’t have financed the Temple or allowed nearly 50,000 people, over 8,000 head of livestock, Nebuchadnezzar’s plunder, and that amount of personal wealth to leave! As their captors thrived, so did the exiles.

20 years later, Ezra returned to Judah with the second group of exiles. King Artaxerxes authorized and financed that trip by giving Ezra everything he needed along with silver and gold for an offering to Israel’s God. Like Cyrus, Artaxerxes allowed those returning to take their personal wealth and any donations with them to Judah. Moreover, the king instructed his provincial treasurers to supply Ezra with supplies (7,500 pounds of silver, 500 bushels of wheat, 550 gallons of both wine and olive oil, and an unlimited supply of salt)!

When a neighboring provincial governor opposed the rebuilding of the Temple, Persia’s King Darius prohibited their interference and decreed that additional financial support for the exiles would come from the taxes collected in that province—money originally destined for the royal treasury. A nation in financial straits never would have foregone tax revenue; as Persia thrived, so did Judah!

Nehemiah’s job was to ensure the health and safety of King Artaxerxes. When he asked to return to Judah and rebuild Jerusalem’s walls, the king granted his trusted servant’s request and provided him with the necessary lumber from the royal forests. It was the wealth and well-being of the Persian Empire that allowed for the restoration and well-being of Judah.

In the story of Esther, we see the nation’s well-being tied to that of the Jews in a different way. Had Mordecai not foiled the plot to murder Xerxes, Esther would have been a dead king’s widow and completely powerless. Her position as queen is what enabled the two Jews to foil Haman’s evil plot of Jewish genocide. That royal edict to kill all the Jews was not limited to the province of Babylon. It extended throughout the Persian Empire—all the way into Judah where the first exiles had settled. Had Esther not intervened, David’s line could have ended. After Haman was impaled on a pole, it was Mordecai who took his position as prime minister. Esther and her uncle used their positions “for the good of his people” and spoke up “for the welfare of all their descendants.” Again, the shalom of the Jews was closely linked to the shalom of their captors and pagan king!

While Jeremiah 29:7 was a specific command for a specific situation, we see a similar principle voiced in the New Testament. Jesus told us to pray for our persecutors and oppressors. Even in adverse circumstance, we are to be agents of peace and good will. We are to contribute positively to the society in which we live. Wherever God has placed us, as His people, we are to seek the peace and welfare of those around us. Whoever they may be, we are to love our neighbors; it is in their shalom, that we will find ours!

You have heard that it was said, “You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy.” But I say to you, Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you, [Matthew 5:43-44 (ESV)]

First of all, then, I urge that supplications, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings be made for all people, for kings and all who are in high positions, that we may lead a peaceful and quiet life, godly and dignified in every way. [1 Timothy 2:1-2 (ESV)]

Remind them to be submissive to rulers and authorities, to be obedient, to be ready for every good work, to speak evil of no one, to avoid quarreling, to be gentle, and to show perfect courtesy toward all people. [Titus 3:1-2 (ESV)]

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BAD NEWS, GOOD NEWS (Jeremiah 29 – Part 1)

This is what the Lord says: “You will be in Babylon for seventy years. But then I will come and do for you all the good things I have promised, and I will bring you home again. For I know the plans I have for you,” says the Lord. “They are plans for good and not for disaster, to give you a future and a hope.” [Jeremiah 29:10-11 (NLT)]

snowy egretJeremiah 29 consists of two letters written by the prophet to the exiles in Babylon. The first (29:1-28) was sent to the recently deported elders, priests, and prophets as well as to King Jehoiachin, his mother, and the officials, craftsmen, and artisans who’d been taken as Nebuchadnezzar’s captives several years earlier. Countering the message of the false prophets promising a quick return to Jerusalem from Babylon, Jeremiah bluntly told the exiles that Israel’s captivity would last seventy years. This was unwelcome news and, preferring to believe comforting lies rather than the painful truth, people accused Jeremiah of being crazy and a false prophet. The second letter in this chapter addresses one of his accusers.

It was important for the exiles to understand both the reason for and the duration of their captivity and, unlike the phony prophets, Jeremiah was not about to give them false hope. If the deportees continued believing their exile would be brief, they’d fail to make lives for themselves in Babylon. Not wanting anything to hinder a swift departure, they wouldn’t acquire possessions, practice their trades, commit to marriage and children, or work the land. Moreover, the false hope of a speedy return to Jerusalem could cause the exiles to provoke their captors. Nebuchadnezzar was not about to tolerate insurrection and God wanted His people to thrive in captivity, not be destroyed in a rebellion! Rather than fall into despair at Jeremiah’s news, the Lord told His people to move on with their lives and put down roots in Babylon—to build homes, plant gardens, marry, and have children.

Jeremiah’s prophecy of a lengthy captivity didn’t leave the exiles without hope. Both their exile and release had been foretold and, once Israel repented and returned to the Lord, their captivity would end. The Lord promised to bring his people home after their seventy years of judgment; He would gather them and restore them to their land. Promising them “a future and a hope,” God’s plan for His people was for their welfare, not disaster. The promised future and hope, however, went far beyond a return to Judah and the restoration of Jerusalem. In Jeremiah 30 to 33, in what is called “The Book of Consolation,” we find prophecies that go far beyond Judah’s immediate situation and point to the Messianic Age and both the first and second comings of Christ!

While we never may be captives in a pagan country as were the Judeans, we can find ourselves feeling like “captives” in a location we’d rather not be, a situation we don’t like, or doing what we’d rather not be doing. The loss of a spouse, child, job, financial security, or physical ability can exile us to a “new normal” and leave us feeling like victims in a tragic story. God didn’t want the Israelites defined by their tragedy nor does He want us to be defined by ours. Like the exiles, we have a choice of how we respond to the calamities, heartbreaks, and loss that are part of this fallen world. We can give into bitterness, anger, self-pity, and despair or we can settle into our new normal, make the most of a bad situation, and claim God’s promise of  “a future and a hope.” God did not forget the Judeans in their exile and He will not forget us in ours!

The day will come, says the Lord, when I will do for Israel and Judah all the good things I have promised them. In those days and at that time I will raise up a righteous descendant from King David’s line. He will do what is just and right throughout the land. In that day Judah will be saved, and Jerusalem will live in safety. And this will be its name: ‘The Lord Is Our Righteousness.’ [Jeremiah 33:14-16 (NLT)]

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DIFFERENT LISTS

“And behold, you will conceive in your womb and bear a son, and you shall call his name Jesus. He will be great and will be called the Son of the Most High. And the Lord God will give to him the throne of his father David, and he will reign over the house of Jacob forever, and of his kingdom there will be no end.” [Luke 1:31-33 (ESV)]

doris longwing butterflyMost of us breeze through (or skip altogether) the Bible’s genealogies. Nevertheless, when genealogy and all those “begats” seem so important in Scripture, what explanation is there for the difference between the genealogies of Jesus found in Luke and Matthew? Because Jews were meticulous about recording genealogies, it’s inconceivable to have two conflicting yet correct lists of Jesus’ lineage.

The two gospels agree on one important point—neither Luke nor Matthew call Joseph Jesus’ “father”. Matthew refers to him as the “the husband of Mary, of whom Jesus was born, who is called Christ” and Luke simply says that Jesus was enomizeto (considered, thought to be, or assumed) to be Joseph’s son. While the two genealogies agree from Abraham to David, they differ from then on. Matthew says David’s son Solomon was Jesus’ ancestor and Luke says it was David’s son Nathan. While there are a variety of convoluted explanations, most biblical scholars believe these are two different, but equally correct, genealogies—Matthew’s through Jesus’ legal father, Joseph, and Luke’s through His birth mother, Mary.

With his frequent references to the Hebrew Scriptures and emphasis on Jesus’ fulfillment of Messianic prophecies, Matthew’s gospel has a distinctly Jewish viewpoint and it is believed that he directed his gospel to Jews and Jewish believers. Reflecting the importance of the Messiah’s lineage to the Jewish people, Matthew’s gospel begins by calling Jesus “the Messiah, a descendant of David and Abraham” and follows the traditional Hebrew format of going from the past to the present where he again identifies Jesus as the Messiah. Although Joseph was Jesus’ father in name only, he was the Lord’s legal father and scholars believe Matthew provided Jesus’ official (paternal) genealogy from Abraham to David to David’s son Solomon and eventually to Joseph. His list emphasized both Jesus’s legal right to be the king of the Jews as well as His fulfillment of the Messianic prophecies.

On the other hand, Luke addressed his gospel to the “most honorable Theophilus” and his primary audience is thought to have been mostly Gentile Greeks. Luke lists Jesus’ ancestry the Greek way and goes from the present to ancient past. Unlike Matthew, he doesn’t stop with Abraham but continues all the way back to Adam. Scholars believe Luke’s to be Jesus’ actual physical lineage through His mother Mary and her father Heli. While giving a mother’s lineage was unusual, so was a virgin birth! To a Gentile, if Jesus weren’t the physical son of Joseph, there would be no need to know the man’s genealogy. Rather than Solomon, Jesus’ royal lineage comes through a blood relationship with Mary’s ancestor Nathan, another of David’s sons with Bathsheba.

Luke placed Jesus’ genealogy after His baptism when the Holy Spirit descended on Him and a voice from heaven said, “You are my beloved Son; with you I am well pleased.” That heavenly voice established Jesus’ divinity—that He was the son of God. By tracing Jesus’ line all the way back to the first man, Adam, Luke established the dual nature of Jesus—that He was fully human as well as divine. It also emphasized Jesus’ relevance, not just to Jews, but to the entire human race.

We’re left with the problem of Joseph’s father—Matthew says it was Jacob while Luke says Joseph was ”of” Heli. It is believed that Heli was Mary’s father and, with no Greek word for “son-in-law,” scholars posit that Joseph became Heli’s “son” through his marriage to Mary.

Rather than contradicting one another, these two genealogies complement each other by giving us both Jesus’ official and actual lineage. They agree that Mary was Jesus’ mother, that her husband Joseph was not Jesus’ father, and that Jesus descended from the family of Judah as well as the house of David both legally (through Joseph) and by bloodline (through Mary). They show that Jesus fulfilled God’s promise of offspring to Abraham as well as his promise to David that His offspring would sit on his throne forever.

Contradiction is not a sign of falsity, nor the lack of contradiction a sign of truth. [Blaise Pascal]

I will surely bless you, and I will surely multiply your offspring as the stars of heaven and as the sand that is on the seashore. And your offspring shall possess the gate of his enemies, and in your offspring shall all the nations of the earth be blessed, because you have obeyed my voice. [Genesis 22:17-18 (ESV)]

Behold, the days are coming, declares the Lord, when I will raise up for David a righteous Branch, and he shall reign as king and deal wisely, and shall execute justice and righteousness in the land. [Jeremiah 23:5 (ESV)]

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THE FIG TREE – Part 2

As they passed by in the morning, they saw the fig tree withered away to its roots.  And Peter remembered and said to him, “Rabbi, look! The fig tree that you cursed has withered.” And Jesus answered them, “Have faith in God. Truly, I say to you, whoever says to this mountain, ‘Be taken up and thrown into the sea,’ and does not doubt in his heart, but believes that what he says will come to pass, it will be done for him. [Mark 11:20-23 (ESV)]

The next morning, while Jesus and the disciples walked from Bethany to Jerusalem for yet another confrontation with Judea’s religious leaders, the disciples saw the tree Jesus cursed the previous day. The disciples had witnessed Jesus cast out demons and still a storm with a just a word but, when they saw the withered and dead fig tree, they were amazed. Normally, trees die slowly from the top down but this tree instantly withered from the roots up. With dead roots, no amount of water or fertilizer would revive it. Having witnessed the tree go from abundance to ruin with just a word from the Lord, rather than asking Jesus to explain cursing the tree, the disciples focused on the speed with which the fig died.

Rather than focusing on spiritual hypocrisy and the significance of the dead fig, Jesus focused on how He performed the miracle and spoke about the power of genuine faith. This wasn’t faith in something vague like positive thinking or an object; it wasn’t faith in faith or faith in the power of prayer. He made it clear that the sole object of this faith must be God! After all, faith is only as good as the object in which it trusts and God is all-powerful, ever-faithful, and trustworthy to His promises.

Pause for a moment and consider—even though Jesus was God, He was living as a man with the limitations of humanity. By saying, “Have faith in God,” He displayed both His humanity and His dependence upon God. Jesus’ power to speak with authority, forgive sins, calm a storm, heal the sick, raise the dead, provide food for a multitude, and wither that fig tree came from His faith in God and the indwelling of the Holy Spirit.

Explaining the power of faith in God, Jesus told them that, with faith, they could move the mountain on which they were standing (the Mount of Olives) into the sea (probably the Dead Sea 15 miles away). Moving a mountain is even more inconceivable than killing a tree with a word but Jesus uses this hyperbole to emphasize that what is impossible with man can be accomplished through faith in the power of God!

We tend to say that prayer changes things—but it is God who does the changing! Although we speak of the power of prayer, prayer alone has no power; the power comes from God who hears that prayer. We often lament, “If only I had more faith!” The disciples even asked Jesus to increase their faith. Jesus, however, told them that the size of their faith doesn’t matter—even a mustard seed of faith is enough! (With a diameter of 1 to 2 millimeters, the mustard seed was used proverbially to represent the smallest of things.) It’s not the amount of faith that matters—as long as we put our faith completely in God’s power rather than ours. It’s not faith that moves those mountains—it’s God! Even if our faith is not great, our God is!

The apostles said to the Lord, “Increase our faith!” And the Lord said, “If you had faith like a grain of mustard seed, you could say to this mulberry tree, ‘Be uprooted and planted in the sea,’ and it would obey you.” [Luke 17:5-6 (ESV)]

But he said, “What is impossible with man is possible with God.” Luke 18:27 (ESV)]

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READY OR NOT…

For you know quite well that the day of the Lord’s return will come unexpectedly, like a thief in the night. When people are saying, “Everything is peaceful and secure,” then disaster will fall on them as suddenly as a pregnant woman’s labor pains begin. And there will be no escape. But you aren’t in the dark about these things, dear brothers and sisters, and you won’t be surprised when the day of the Lord comes like a thief. [1 Thessalonians 5:1-4 (NLT)]

For Christians, the four weeks before Christmas are the season of Advent: a season as much about preparing for Christ’s second coming as it is about preparing to celebrate His first. Having recently purchased a baby gift, I couldn’t help but see similarities between the way expectant parents prepare for the advent (coming) of their new baby and we prepare for the advent (coming) of Christ.

Wanting to give her baby the best possible start, the mother-to-be is cautious about what goes into her body. She adds pre-natal vitamins, stops drinking alcohol, gives up junk food, and shuns risky foods like sushi, alfalfa sprouts, and brie. In the same way, as we prepare for Christ’s coming, we should take these weeks to improve what we put into our minds—the things we listen to, read, watch, and stream. Are they as worthless as junk food’s empty calories or as unsafe as smoking or drinking unpasteurized cider are for the expectant mother and baby she carries?

In preparation for their baby’s arrival, the expectant mom and dad eagerly read all about child care and attend birthing, parenting, and infant CPR classes. We should be as intent on learning about Jesus as new parents are about babies. Advent is a good time to start!

Knowing that life will be different once their baby comes, the soon-to-be parents give serious thought to their priorities and the sacrifices to be made. Midnight feedings will replace date nights, designer handbags are swapped for a diaper bag, and a full night’s sleep will become a thing of the past. Carpets will be cleaned, the office or extra bedroom becomes the nursery, while cabinets, corners, and sockets are baby-proofed.

The four weeks of Advent are the time for Christ’s followers to prepare room in our hearts for Him. As we prepare for the coming of the Christ child, like expectant parents, we might reflect on any changes or sacrifices that we should make so Christ can make His home with us. Rather than baby-proofing, do we need to do a little sin-proofing? As we clean house in preparation for the holidays, we might want to clean our hearts of things like greed, pride, or resentment so there’s room for the King.

Once they know a baby is coming, I doubt that a day passes without the parents-to-be thinking about its arrival. Advent should be a season when Christ is first and foremost in our minds, as well. Just as a woman in her 40th week of pregnancy yearns for her baby’s arrival, we yearn for Jesus to arrive and straighten out the mess we’ve made of His world.

The expectant parents have a good idea of when their baby will come and, while we know when Christmas will arrive, only God knows the date of Christ’s second coming. Nevertheless, Jesus told us that, like labor pains, there would be signs—things like wars, famines, earthquakes, persecution, conflict, economic turmoil, and deception. Considering today’s news, it’s not surprising that 39% of Americans (and 47% of American Christians) think we are in the end times right now. Then again, chaos and trouble are not unique to the 21st century. The early church thought Jesus would return and usher in God’s Kingdom in their lifetimes and I suspect Christians throughout the centuries have thought they were living in the end times. We don’t know if we’re living in the last days but, like those soon-to-be-parents, we know for sure that He will arrive whether we’re ready or not!

The immense step from the Babe at Bethlehem to the living, reigning triumphant Lord Jesus, returning to earth for His own people – that is the glorious truth proclaimed throughout Scripture. As the bells ring out the joys of Christmas, may we also be alert for the final trumpet that will announce His return, when we shall always be with Him. [Alan Redpath]

However, no one knows the day or hour when these things will happen, not even the angels in heaven or the Son himself. Only the Father knows. … You also must be ready all the time, for the Son of Man will come when least expected. [Matthew 24:36, 44 (NLT)]

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