THOSE PEOPLE

But he who enters by the door is the shepherd of the sheep. To him the gatekeeper opens. The sheep hear his voice, and he calls his own sheep by name and leads them out. [John 10:2-3 (ESV)]

snowy egret - tri-colored heronBrent Askari’s play, The Refugees, begins with an unusual premise. Because of a violent civil war in the United States, an upscale American family become refugees in a Middle Eastern country. When the family’s Arab social worker referred to the American refugees as “you people,” the once suburban housewife’s expression spoke volumes. In her previous Connecticut life, anyone who wasn’t white and upper middle class had been “those people” but the tables have turned and the roles reversed. Instead of being the ones with the money and advantages, her family and others like them are “those people:” a minority, seeking asylum in a new country, unfamiliar with the customs, and unable to read, write, or speak the language. Wearing clothes they once would have sent to Goodwill, they need government assistance to survive. Her once high-priced lawyer husband is now a stock boy whose boss takes advantage of his immigrant status. This family and other American refugees are as unwelcome in the unnamed Arab country as are the refugees at our border.

“Those people” is a term frequently used to draw a distinction between people like ourselves and others. Whether that difference is color, nationality, disability, sexual preference, ethnicity, sex, religion, age, politics, or social standing, that phrase usually indicates some kind of bias or discrimination, be it racism, ageism, sexism, anti-Semitism, chauvinism, xenophobia, homophobia, or some other phobia or ism. When saying “those people” or “you people,” the speaker usually is ascribing a particular quality (usually negative) to an entire group. “Those people” and “you people” doesn’t see individual faces and stories; it sees stereotypes and generalizations.

In Jesus’ day, “those people” in Palestine were beggars, lepers, tax collectors, prostitutes, the unclean, Gentiles, and Samaritans. Even Galileans, like Jesus, were “those people” to Judeans! With a reputation as trouble makers, they were disdained because of their mixed ancestry and considered uneducated because of their accent. Being one of “those people,” Jesus knew ethnic prejudice first hand.

For Jesus, however, there were no “those people.” Rather than a Samaritan woman of questionable morals, He saw a woman thirsty for His living water. Rather than a pagan Syrophoenician woman, He saw a loving mother with faith in Him. Rather than a noisy blind beggar or unclean lepers, Jesus heard people begging for God’s mercy and, instead of a collaborating publican, He saw a man desperate enough to climb a tree just to see Him. The Pharisees only saw a sinful woman, but Jesus saw a woman in need of forgiveness who showed her love for Him with her tears. Jesus didn’t see a self-righteous legalistic Pharisee when Nicodemus visited in the dead of night; He saw a man in search of the truth.

In fact, Jesus knowingly sought out “those people.” He deliberately went through Samaria when most Jews avoided it like the plague and He is the one who defied convention and started the conversation with the woman at the well. He’d gone deep into a pagan territory with a long history of opposition to Israel when He encountered the Syrophoenician woman. He openly dined with Matthew, his publican friends, and other sinners and Jesus is the one who invited Himself to dinner at the home of Zacchaeus. The Lord sailed clear across the Sea of Galilee to the Gentile region of the Gadarenes just to heal the demon-possessed! We may not know all the names of those touched by Jesus, but He did! As the Good Shepherd, He knew their names.

There were no “those people” to the Lord—every one of them was one of God’s children. It shouldn’t take becoming one of “you people” to make us understand that “those people” are people just like us—people in need of God’s love.

I am the good shepherd. I know my own and my own know me, just as the Father knows me and I know the Father; and I lay down my life for the sheep. And I have other sheep that are not of this fold. I must bring them also, and they will listen to my voice. So there will be one flock, one shepherd. [John 10:14-16 (ESV)]

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ADAPTING AND CONFORMING

If the world hates you, remember that it hated me first. The world would love you as one of its own if you belonged to it, but you are no longer part of the world. I chose you to come out of the world, so it hates you. Do you remember what I told you? “A slave is not greater than the master.” Since they persecuted me, naturally they will persecute you. And if they had listened to me, they would listen to you.” [John 15:18-20 (NLT)]

A century of dike-building, agricultural development, and population growth has destroyed much of Florida’s wetlands and threatened the survival of dozens of animals like Florida panthers, Snail Kites, and Wood Storks. The White Ibis, however, is an exception. Having adapted to the new urban landscape, large groups of ibis happily graze the lawns of subdivisions, parks, and golf courses. They’ve found it easier to poke at the soil for a predictable buffet of grubs, earthworms, and insects than to forage in the remaining wetlands for aquatic prey like small fish, frogs, and crayfish. Once wary of humans, these urbanized ibis pay little or no attention to people as they follow one another across our lawns.

While conforming to a world of diminishing wetlands may be beneficial to the ibis, the Bible makes it clear that Christ’s followers are not to conform to the world around us. As the salt of the earth, we are to bring a distinctive taste, look, and smell to the world rather than take on the flavor of the world in which we live. Nevertheless, like the ibis, Christ’s church appears to be acclimating and adjusting to the world surrounding it.

In an effort to fill the pews and keep the coffers filled, we’re seeing His church adapting and conforming to today’s culture. Social media, politics, fashion, popular music, celebrities, advertisements, movies, television, politics, and politicians seem to be infiltrating and influencing our attitudes, worship, instruction, and doctrine. We’re beginning to shape values, use words, understand events, and determine right and wrong through the eyes of the world rather than the Bible. Jesus, however, was anything but popular, politically correct, or entertaining and His Church was never meant to be cool, trendy, fashionable, or fun to an unbelieving world; it is meant to be like Christ!

Just as the Israelites were not to succumb to the influence of the pagan nations around them, we are to remain apart and distinct from the corrupting influences of the world around us. While sinners should be welcome in the church, sin should not. Nevertheless, afraid of offending anyone—we creatively reinterpret or ignore Scripture, turn a blind eye to sin, or refuse to speak of sin at all. Are we seeking the world’s approval or God’s?

If we go back to the beginning of the Church, it’s estimated there were only about 1,000 Christ followers in the Roman Empire. By AD 100, however, there were about 7,500. By AD 150, there were 40,000 believers and, by 350, 34 million people (more than half the Roman Empire) followed Christ! Although the early church grew by about 40% each decade, the numbers are going in the opposite direction today. According to the Pew Research Center,  90% of Americans identified as Christian just 50 years ago but, in 2023, that number was only 64%! While adapting to the world around them may be working for the ibis, it doesn’t seem to be working for today’s church. In actuality, the church the looks and acts like the world around it, is not Christ’s church.

The early church didn’t grow because it lived as Rome did—it grew because it lived as Jesus did. The early believers had an uncompromising faith that transformed the pagan world around them. Let us do the same!

Don’t copy the behavior and customs of this world, but let God transform you into a new person by changing the way you think. Then you will learn to know God’s will for you, which is good and pleasing and perfect. [Romans 12:2 (NLT)]

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THE PARABLE OF THE PENCIL

But now, O Lord, You are our Father. We are the clay, and You are our pot maker. All of us are the work of Your hand. [Isaiah 64:8 (NLV)]

pencilWhen writing about giving God the glory and how we are but instruments of God’s grace in the world, I recalled a quote by Mother Teresa having to do with being God’s pencil. Wanting to quote it correctly, I Googled it. Along with the quote, I came across several versions of a parable about a pencil. Of unknown origin, it has been around for more than twenty years. Nevertheless, the parable was new to me and this is my version of “The Parable of the Pencil.”

Just before putting the pencil in its box, the Pencil Maker said there were several things it needed to know if it were to become the instrument He created it to be. “First, don’t ever try to be a stapler, scissors, paper clip, or ruler. Always remember you are a pencil and have been created with a definite purpose—to draw a line forming shapes, letters, and words that leave a definite message.”

The Pencil Maker continued, “Although small, you can accomplish great things, but only if you allow yourself to be held in someone’s hand.” Although He warned the pencil that there would be times of painful sharpening, the Maker explained that sharpening was the only way for it to become a better pencil. “Sometimes you’ll make mistakes,” he said, “but that’s to be expected so you’ve been equipped with an eraser just for such occasions.”

“Right now,” said the Pencil Maker, “your exterior is fresh and shiny and you’re quite beautiful. But, with use, your paint will chip, your wood get nicked, and you’ll grow smaller.” Explaining that the pencil’s quality wasn’t determined by its appearance, he added, “The most important part of you is the quality of the graphite on your inside.” After cautioning the pencil that, when too much pressure was applied, its tip might break, he added, “Don’t worry, you can be re-sharpened.”

The Pencil Maker finished up by telling his creation, “You are to leave your mark on every surface you touch. This can be hard work and you may grow tired. But,” he added, “regardless of your condition, you are expected to keep writing. It is for this purpose that you were made.” Understanding its maker’s instructions, the pencil promised to follow them and joyfully went into the box with purpose in its heart.

Of course, we’re not pencils and God is the one who made us but, like the pencil, we’ve been created with a particular purpose, role, and calling in the world. Rather than a student, it is God’s hand that holds us. The only way to achieve the great things He’s planned for us is by surrendering to His will. Rather than a pencil sharpener, it will be problems and difficult circumstances that sharpen and shape us. Like the pencil, we will err but we, too, can correct our mistakes and learn from them. Just as the pencil’s outward appearance is unimportant, so is ours. It’s what’s inside that counts! Rather than graphite, God cares about the quality of our hearts! While undue stress and strain can damage (and almost break) us, that only occurs when we step out of God’s will. Finally, like a pencil, we are to leave our mark on every situation and person with whom we interact. When we stay in God’s will and allow His hand to direct and move us, that mark will be His!

God used Mother Teresa to make His mark on the world and her life spoke volumes about God’s love. Like her, we’ve been given a purpose by our Maker—let us be the pencil in His hand and make that mark!

I am like a little pencil in his hand. That is all. He does the thinking. He does the writing. The pencil has nothing to do with it. The pencil has only to be allowed to be used. [Mother Teresa of Kolkata]

Do not give any part of your body for sinful use. Instead, give yourself to God as a living person who has been raised from the dead. Give every part of your body to God to do what is right. [Romans 6:13 (NL)]

May God give you every good thing you need so you can do what He wants. May He do in us what pleases Him through Jesus Christ. May Christ have all the shining-greatness forever! Let it be so. [Hebrews 13:21 (NLV)]

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THE POTLUCK

All the believers devoted themselves to the apostles’ teaching, and to fellowship, and to sharing in meals (including the Lord’s Supper), and to prayer. [Acts 2:42 (NLT)]

It was while Jesus and the disciples were eating the Passover meal that the Lord instituted the Eucharist. The 1st century church followed His lead by celebrating the Eucharist in the context of a communal meal. The wealthier contributed the food and portions were set aside for the sick, poor, and widowed. Nourishing both body and soul while building a sense of community, these fellowship meals were known as agape or love feasts!

Although Luke wrote of the church sharing “their meals with great joy and generosity,” it didn’t go as smoothly in Corinth. Instead of gathering all the food together, dividing it among the participants, and eating together, people only ate and drank what they brought for themselves and some over-indulged in wine! The wealthy ate more and better than the poor and some even went hungry. Rather than building a sense of community by erasing the differences in social class, such rudeness and disparity caused division and hard feelings within the church and the Apostle Paul took the Corinthians to task for neither sharing nor caring when they gathered. [1 Cor 11:20-34] 2 Peter 2:13 and Jude 12 also refer to these fellowship meals when warning about the false teachers who attended such gatherings.

Although the practice of agape meals declined by the 4th century, something similar to the agape, love feast, or fellowship meal can be found in the modern church potluck. While “potluck” initially meant the meal an unexpected guest might get—the luck of whatever was in the pot—during the Depression years, it took on the meaning of a communal meal at which all attending brought a dish to share. Our northern church hosted mid-week Lenten potlucks but our Florida church always hosts a potluck the week before Thanksgiving Day.

Last week’s dinner got me thinking about the way a potluck resembles the Church. A potluck means a vast assortment of food prepared and served in any number of ways. Dishes will range from pierogis and baked ziti to empanadas and Swedish meatballs. Sides will include everything from Waldorf salad, deviled eggs, and baked beans to Jello, scalloped potatoes, Brussels sprouts, and macaroni salad. Desserts will range from peanut butter cookies and chocolate cake to lemon bars and apple pie. Although it seems an odd mix, if everyone brought the same food, the meal would be boring and, if everyone’s offerings were dumped into one pot, it would be even worse! By allowing each dish to reflect its own texture, color, and flavor, this strange assortment of food comes together to make a cohesive and delightful meal. While some may prefer apple pie to pumpkin or mac ‘n cheese to green bean casserole, everyone’s offerings are welcomed, appreciated, and respected.

That diversity of food reflects the diversity of people within the Church—the regions from which we come, our nationalities, and our diverse backgrounds, preferences, and traditions. Just as a potluck encompasses a variety of food, the church consists of a collection of unique people as different from one another as is ham from a vegan casserole! Each person brings their distinctive personality, ethnicity, interests, gifts, and politics. While we may have our preferences, everyone is welcomed, appreciated, and respected. When diverse individuals come together as a church, they become the body of Christ in the same way a potluck’s various dishes became a cohesive meal! It’s not their sameness that unites Christians—it’s their love of Jesus!

The Christian’s love for his neighbor along with the generosity, hospitality, and fellowship found in Christ’s church are seen in a potluck. Each dish is prepared with love and care and everyone brings much more than they possibly could consume themselves. Unlike the Corinthians, they bring excess food with the express purpose of sharing it (and any leftovers) with others! Everyone’s gifts are as welcome in the Church as they are at a potluck! No one eats alone at a potluck and no one is alone in the Church—we are blessed by our brothers and sisters in Christ. At a potluck, even when we don’t know someone at our table, by the time the meal is over, we will have dined with friends! In the same way, when we come to the Lord’s table, we are one in the Spirit with all who partake of the Eucharist.

A potluck, like the Church, nourishes both body and soul! While the agape or love feast is no longer a regular part of Christian worship, you’re sure to find both love and feast in Christ’s Church—especially at a potluck! Let us break bread together.

They worshiped together at the Temple each day, met in homes for the Lord’s Supper, and shared their meals with great joy and generosity—all the while praising God and enjoying the goodwill of all the people. And each day the Lord added to their fellowship those who were being saved. [Acts 2:46-47 (NLT)]

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FINDING COMMON GROUND

For you are all children of God through faith in Christ Jesus. And all who have been united with Christ in baptism have put on Christ, like putting on new clothes. There is no longer Jew or Gentile, slave or free, male and female. For you are all one in Christ Jesus. [Galatians 3:26-28 (NLT)]

rosaryPastor Chris recently shared a devotion she read in which the author gives his office globe a gentle spin each morning. After a moment or two, he places a finger on the globe, stops its revolution, and prays for the people wherever his finger lands. Chris said she’s adopted this practice but, to make it more than a quick uninformed prayer, she does some research on the country’s needs and religions to guide her petitions.

Sounding like an interesting prayer discipline, I thought I’d give it a try. I don’t have a globe to spin but, since my hairdresser just returned from visiting her family in Albania, I thought I’d pray for her native land (a nation about which I knew nothing). Located just north of Greece, the Association for Religion Data Archives [ARDA] reported that about 59% of Albanians identify as Muslim and nearly 38% as Christian with the Christians almost evenly divided between the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches. Less than 2% of the population identify as Protestant or other.

Although about 97% of Albania’s population claims to believe in God, few would have dared admit that 50 years ago! In 1967, communist Albania officially became an atheist country with a constitutional ban on all religious belief. Participation in any religious ceremony was a punishable offense, clergy of all faiths were jailed or killed, believers were ruthlessly persecuted, and churches and mosques were turned into factories. Possession of a Bible or Quran was prohibited and even making the sign of the cross could land someone in jail. With the fall of communism, the ban on religious observance was lifted in December 1990 and, in 1991, thousands of Christian missionaries flooded into Albania.

I learned that a fair amount of ignorance and arrogance came with those missionaries and we can learn a valuable lesson from their mistakes. Thinking they were the first to bring the gospel to Albania, most missionaries didn’t know that Albania’s Christian roots went back to the first century when Paul brought the gospel to Illyricum and Titus went to Dalmatia. That was today’s Albania! Evidence of Christian families in the Albanian city of Durrës in 58 AD leads scholars to believe Paul and Titus also visited there.

The uninformed evangelists didn’t know that Christianity thrived in Albania for twenty centuries until God was outlawed in 1967 or that 40% of the nation had a Christian background. They didn’t know that some priests had continued to baptize, say the liturgy, and have prayer vigils in secret and that many suffered for doing so! The evangelical missionaries were completely unfamiliar with Orthodox Christian or Roman Catholic traditions. When people showed their foreign visitors the icons, missals, rosaries, and crosses they’d kept hidden (at great risk) for over 25 years, they were told to put away their idolatrous items and to stop being superstitious by making the sign of the cross! Rather than build on these believers’ displays of faith, uninformed missionaries rejected them outright.

The Orthodox priests often found the supposedly non-denominational Christian groups unwilling to work with them. Unfamiliar with their ancient traditions and liturgy, many of the evangelical missionaries viewed them with suspicion. Of course, it went both ways. The Orthodox, unfamiliar with denominational Protestants, Evangelicals, Mormons, Jehovah’s Witnesses, Christian Scientists, Adventists, and Unitarians, lumped them all together in one category of “heretical cults” and often resisted efforts to hand out their Bibles. Ignorance, arrogance, and prejudice on both sides impaired Christian witness.

On the plus side, some groups were sensitive to the history of Albania and successfully worked in conjunction with the local churches. Today, in an effort to combat misperceptions, exchanges are done between the Orthodox and Roman Catholic seminaries and the Evangelical Bible Institute in Albania.

If we ever hope to introduce Christ to the world and spread God’s word, Christians everywhere need to overcome their ignorance of other people, cultures, traditions, and faiths—even when they seem very different from ours. Saying he did everything to spread the blessings of the gospel message, the Apostle Paul told the Corinthians that he tried to find common ground with everyone in his effort to save them.[1 Cor. 9:22-23]  We can do nothing less! Rather than Christians competing with one another, we need to understand that we’re all on the same side—the side of Jesus!

There’s nothing like face-to-face contact and the developing of relationships for breaking down walls of prejudice. We have to start seeing one another as brothers and sisters from whom we can learn and grow. We shouldn’t let our arrogance or ignorance, and even our differences or different beliefs create walls that nourish fear or uncertainty of the other. As Christians we have to love the other through encountering them, and trying to understand who they are and what they believe.  [Fr. Luke A. Veronis] 

Always be humble and gentle. Be patient with each other, making allowance for each other’s faults because of your love. Make every effort to keep yourselves united in the Spirit, binding yourselves together with peace. For there is one body and one Spirit, just as you have been called to one glorious hope for the future. [Ephesians 4:2-4 (NLT)]

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DIFFICULT STORIES (Judges 11 – Part 2)

And Jephthah made a vow to the Lord. He said, “If you give me victory over the Ammonites, I will give to the Lord whatever comes out of my house to meet me when I return in triumph. I will sacrifice it as a burnt offering.” [Judges 11:30-31 (NLT)]

black-crowned night heronSkeptics love to ask how God could allow Jephthah to offer up his daughter as a burnt sacrifice. First, let’s note that it never says God approved of his sacrifice. In fact, Scripture makes it clear that such a sacrifice was abhorrent to the Lord. In His wisdom and mercy, God even provided a way out if someone made a rash or unrealistic vow. Leviticus 27 explains that such a vow could be purchased back with a 20% penalty and describes how valuations were to be determined. Although Jephthah displayed knowledge of Israel’s history when negotiating with the Ammonites, he showed his ignorance of God and God’s law with his rash vow. Moreover, there is no reason to think his daughter was sacrificed in the Tabernacle. It’s more likely that such a horrific event would have been part of a pagan ceremony.

Unlike Deborah, Gideon, and Samson, Jephthah was not a God-appointed judge or leader. Having been chased away by his brothers, he was living in the land of Tob with a “band of worthless rebels.” [11:3] Jephthah only came to the aid of Gilead because they promised he’d become ruler if victorious. That God used this “great warrior” to accomplish His purpose does not mean Jephthah was a godly man.

What Jephthah meant by his vow seems clear; he used ‘olah which meant “whole burnt offering.” In the 250 times ‘olah occurs in Scripture, it always refers to an actual sacrifice burnt on an altar. Nevertheless, because the text doesn’t explicitly state how he implemented his vow, there is some ambiguity regarding his daughter’s fate. As an alternative to being incinerated, some commentators hold that she was dedicated to God and lived in seclusion for the remainder of her life. Until the 12th century, however, both non-rabbinic sources and the Jewish sages of the Midrash took this tragic story literally—Jephthah immolated his daughter! Their commentaries cast blame upon Jephthah, the high priest, and the people who allowed such depravity.

Nevertheless, finding this story of human sacrifice intolerable, some rabbis tried to find a more acceptable alternative in the 1100s. Rabbi Abraham Ibn Ezra and others reinterpreted the text to mean that Jephthah’s vow really was that whatever appeared, if appropriate for sacrifice, would die but, if it wasn’t appropriate, would be consecrated for holiness. They contended that Jephthah built a house for his daughter outside the city where, isolated from the world, she devoted the rest of her life to God. Perhaps the reasoning behind their explanation can be found in the time period—an era when a tremendous number of monasteries and convents were being established throughout Europe. The rabbis may have been influenced by the Christian monastic ideals of chastity, poverty, and obedience. While a nice alternative, the concept of perpetual virginity, celibacy, and asceticism never appeared in the Hebrew Bible or Jewish texts. Priests and Nazarites could be married, Jeremiah was the only prophet not to marry, and there was no tradition of Jewish women secluding themselves and becoming the equivalent of nuns. The first commandment in Scripture was to be fruitful and multiply [Genesis 1:28] and a Hebrew woman’s highest achievement was a large family. Nevertheless, this interpretation has been adopted by many Christian commentators. Granted, Jephthah’s daughter condemned to a life of perpetual seclusion and virginity makes for a less repulsive ending to her tale but we should beware of creatively interpreting Biblical accounts to make them easier to stomach!

Although the Bible is without error, that doesn’t mean it is without difficulties. There is no acceptable alternative to the girl’s sacrifice just as there are no acceptable alternatives to stories like Lot offering up his daughters to be gang-raped [Genesis 19], the revenge taken on Shechem after Dinah’s rape [Genesis 34], or the massacre of 85 innocent priests and their families [1 Samuel 22]. The Bible’s record of an event doesn’t mean it’s endorsed and we never should assume that God approved of all that it reports. Just as God didn’t approve of David’s sins of rape, adultery, and murder, He didn’t approve of Jephthah’s sacrifice. Scripture records the real-life errors and sins of flawed human beings—people like us. It tells us what happened without necessarily telling us what should have happened or providing a moral to the story. The Old Testament’s great heroes of faith were not without faults and transgressions; neither are we! Let us learn from their mistakes.

These things happened as a warning to us, so that we would not crave evil things as they did, or worship idols as some of them did. … These things happened to them as examples for us. They were written down to warn us who live at the end of the age. If you think you are standing strong, be careful not to fall. [1 Corinthians 10:6-7a,11-12 (NLT)]

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