WHY THEM?

Now at this time Jesus went off to the mountain to pray, and He spent the whole night in prayer to God. When day came, He called His disciples and selected twelve of them, whom He also named apostles (special messengers, personally chosen representatives): Simon, whom He also named Peter, and his brother Andrew; and [the brothers] James and John; and Philip, and Bartholomew [also called Nathanael]; and Matthew (Levi, the tax collector) and Thomas; and James the son of Alphaeus, and Simon who was called the Zealot; Judas [also called Thaddaeus] the son of James, and Judas Iscariot, who became a traitor [to the Lord]. [Luke 6:12-16 (AMP)]

We know Jesus prayed all night before choosing His Apostles. What made Him select those twelve men for His inner circle? Perhaps Andrew and John, having previously been disciples of John the Baptizer, were primed for the arrival of the Messiah but why did Jesus choose Andrew’s brother Simon/Peter and John’s brother James? Jesus called John and James the “Sons of Thunder,” implying they were bold, rash, and quick to anger. Why would Jesus choose them rather than men more even-tempered and less impetuous? For that matter, why four fishermen instead of students of the Torah? You don’t have to know how to cast a net to go fishing for people!

Smelling better than a fishermen but carrying the odor of corruption with him, as a tax collector, Matthew was forbidden to testify in court. Nevertheless, he was chosen to testify for Christ!  Why did Jesus select Simon the Zealot? Zealots were agitators who wanted to overthrow the Roman government. Did Jesus need a radical activist in His entourage? A zealot’s sworn enemies were people like Matthew—Jews who collaborated with Rome. Yet, Jesus selected them both!

At least Jesus’ choice of Bartholomew (also called Nathanael) made more sense; Jesus called him “a man of integrity” when they first met. That Thomas was a twin or Philip came from Bethsaida hardly seem reasons for their selection. While we know both James’ (known as ”the younger” or “the lesser”) and Judas/Thaddaeus’ fathers’ names and that that Judas Iscariot was from Karioth, we don’t know why Jesus chose them either.

While Acts tells us the remaining eleven set qualifications for Judas Iscariot’s replacement, we don’t know why Jesus chose this odd assortment of men to be His inner circle of twelve. None of them were theologians or scholars; most probably were fishermen. Other than Matthew’s record keeping skills, it’s hard to see any special skills they brought to Jesus’ ministry. After all, you don’t have to know how to cast a net to go fishing for people! Why these nobodies rather than someone noteworthy or well-known? While it was prayer that determined Jesus’ selection, what about these twelve caused God to select them as the core of Christ’s church?

Twelve men, remarkably unexceptional—twelve men just like you and me. Jesus, however, wasn’t looking at their CVs; He was looking at their hearts! Rather than expertise, experience, or accomplishments, He was looking for possibility. He didn’t care who they’d been or what they’d done in the past; what mattered was who they could become and what they could do in the future. Jesus provided them with all they needed to become the people they needed to be.

The Apostles didn’t have funding, organization, church buildings, choir, websites, apps, hymnals, or even the New Testament and yet, that first Pentecost, the remaining eleven and Matthias (who replaced Judas) brought 3,000 into the new church through the power of the Holy Spirit. Because they believed in the risen Christ, twelve ordinary men accomplished the extraordinary through the power of the Holy Spirit. Just think what we could do if only we would try!

Jesus came near and said to them, “All authority has been given to me in heaven and on earth. Go, therefore, and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe everything I have commanded you. And remember, I am with you always, to the end of the age.” [Matthew 28:18-20 (CSB)]

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YOUR WELFARE IS TIED TO THEIRS (Jeremiah 29 – Part 3)

But seek the welfare of the city where I have sent you into exile, and pray to the Lord on its behalf, for in its welfare you will find your welfare. [Jeremiah 29:7 (ESV)]

pipevine swallowtail butterflyJeremiah told the exiles to work and pray for their captors. He explained that it was the shalom (well-being, peace, health, success, safety, and welfare) of their captors that they would ensure Judah’s shalom. For a people who’d been torn from their homeland and Temple, I expect it was difficult to understand how seeking Babylon’s prosperity would help them; but, it did!

While Daniel and his three friends diligently looked out for Babylon’s interests, I suspect they used their high government positions to protect the interests of their countrymen at the same time. We know that Daniel encouraged Nebuchadnezzar to show mercy to the oppressed. After seeing Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego emerge unscorched from the fiery furnace, Nebuchadnezzar proclaimed that anyone who spoke against their God “would be torn limb from limb” and their houses turned into “heaps of rubble.” It probably was Daniel who precipitated the exiles’ return by showing Cyrus Isaiah’s 150-year-old prophecy naming him as the one who would make possible the Jews’ return to Jerusalem. By serving their captors, they also served their people.

When the first exiles returned to Judah, Cyrus stipulated that the financing for rebuilding the Temple would come from the royal treasury! In addition, he returned all the silver and gold that Nebuchadnezzar plundered from the Temple. Cyrus not only allowed the returnees to take their accumulated wealth with them but he also encouraged donations from those who remained. That Jewish wealth was substantial because the total of their gifts to the Temple was 61,000 gold coins, 6,250 pounds of silver, and 100 robes for their priests! A nation that hadn’t prospered wouldn’t have financed the Temple or allowed nearly 50,000 people, over 8,000 head of livestock, Nebuchadnezzar’s plunder, and that amount of personal wealth to leave! As their captors thrived, so did the exiles.

20 years later, Ezra returned to Judah with the second group of exiles. King Artaxerxes authorized and financed that trip by giving Ezra everything he needed along with silver and gold for an offering to Israel’s God. Like Cyrus, Artaxerxes allowed those returning to take their personal wealth and any donations with them to Judah. Moreover, the king instructed his provincial treasurers to supply Ezra with supplies (7,500 pounds of silver, 500 bushels of wheat, 550 gallons of both wine and olive oil, and an unlimited supply of salt)!

When a neighboring provincial governor opposed the rebuilding of the Temple, Persia’s King Darius prohibited their interference and decreed that additional financial support for the exiles would come from the taxes collected in that province—money originally destined for the royal treasury. A nation in financial straits never would have foregone tax revenue; as Persia thrived, so did Judah!

Nehemiah’s job was to ensure the health and safety of King Artaxerxes. When he asked to return to Judah and rebuild Jerusalem’s walls, the king granted his trusted servant’s request and provided him with the necessary lumber from the royal forests. It was the wealth and well-being of the Persian Empire that allowed for the restoration and well-being of Judah.

In the story of Esther, we see the nation’s well-being tied to that of the Jews in a different way. Had Mordecai not foiled the plot to murder Xerxes, Esther would have been a dead king’s widow and completely powerless. Her position as queen is what enabled the two Jews to foil Haman’s evil plot of Jewish genocide. That royal edict to kill all the Jews was not limited to the province of Babylon. It extended throughout the Persian Empire—all the way into Judah where the first exiles had settled. Had Esther not intervened, David’s line could have ended. After Haman was impaled on a pole, it was Mordecai who took his position as prime minister. Esther and her uncle used their positions “for the good of his people” and spoke up “for the welfare of all their descendants.” Again, the shalom of the Jews was closely linked to the shalom of their captors and pagan king!

While Jeremiah 29:7 was a specific command for a specific situation, we see a similar principle voiced in the New Testament. Jesus told us to pray for our persecutors and oppressors. Even in adverse circumstance, we are to be agents of peace and good will. We are to contribute positively to the society in which we live. Wherever God has placed us, as His people, we are to seek the peace and welfare of those around us. Whoever they may be, we are to love our neighbors; it is in their shalom, that we will find ours!

You have heard that it was said, “You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy.” But I say to you, Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you, [Matthew 5:43-44 (ESV)]

First of all, then, I urge that supplications, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings be made for all people, for kings and all who are in high positions, that we may lead a peaceful and quiet life, godly and dignified in every way. [1 Timothy 2:1-2 (ESV)]

Remind them to be submissive to rulers and authorities, to be obedient, to be ready for every good work, to speak evil of no one, to avoid quarreling, to be gentle, and to show perfect courtesy toward all people. [Titus 3:1-2 (ESV)]

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THE TRILEMMA

The Father and I are one. [John 10:30 (NLT)]

Jesus told him, “I am the way, the truth, and the life. No one can come to the Father except through me. … Just believe that I am in the Father and the Father is in me. … And remember, my words are not my own. What I am telling you is from the Father who sent me. [John 14:6,11a,24b (NLT)]

snowy egretsIn C.S. Lewis’ children’s fantasy novel The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, the youngest child, Lucy Pevensie, happens upon an enchanted armoire and steps into the magical world of Narnia. Upon returning, she rushes to tell her siblings of her astonishing adventure. Hearing such a tall tale and finding no concrete proof of its truth, her older siblings assume the story to be a figment of her imagination. They take their concern over her falsehood to their wise elderly uncle. He cautions them to use logic and consider Lucy’s story carefully. He points out there are only three possibilities: either she’s lying, crazy, or telling the truth. After pointing out that lies usually are more plausible than Lucy’s inexplicable tale, he asks if she’s lied before. The children admit she’s always been truthful. After pointing out that none of Lucy’s behavior indicates mental illness, they all agree she can’t have gone mad. He then suggests that since she’s neither a liar nor crazy, they could consider the possibility that Lucy’s story is true.

Interestingly, this is the same line of reasoning Lewis uses in what is called the “Lewis trilemma” or his “Liar, Lunatic, or Lord” argument found in Mere Christianity. Lewis uses this logical argument when people claim to believe in the existence of Jesus as a great moral teacher but not as God (which, unfortunately, many people do). Jesus certainly talked as if He were God. He professed to be able to forgive sins and to be the only way to the Father. He claimed to have existed since the beginning of time, that He was a heavenly king who offered everlasting life, that to know Him was to know God, and that He would judge the world at the end of time. He called Himself the Lord of the Sabbath, the true vine, the bread of life, the resurrection and the life, and the way and the truth and the life.

Lewis points out that we have only three choices about those fantastic claims: Jesus was either a liar who perpetrated a fraud, a madman with delusions of grandeur, or the Lord. If His claims were untrue, the one thing Jesus couldn’t have been was a principled man or an excellent teacher of morals and ethics!

There are many people who consider Jesus simply to be a Jewish version of Buddha or Socrates: a great man, filled with compassion and love, who had some profound and noble ideas. That whole Messiah/Son of God thing, however, just doesn’t sit well with them. We should remind them that neither Buddha nor Socrates claimed to be God but Jesus did! The Pevensie children soon learned the truth of Lucy’s claim and, hopefully, others will see the logic and truth of Jesus, as well!

A man who was merely a man and said the sort of things Jesus said would not be a great moral teacher. He would either be a lunatic — on the level with the man who says he is a poached egg — or else he would be the Devil of Hell. You must make your choice. Either this man was, and is, the Son of God, or else a madman or something worse. You can shut him up for a fool, you can spit at him and kill him as a demon or you can fall at his feet and call him Lord and God, but let us not come with any patronizing nonsense about his being a great human teacher. He has not left that open to us. He did not intend to. [C.S. Lewis]

We use God’s mighty weapons, not worldly weapons, to knock down the strongholds of human reasoning and to destroy false arguments. We destroy every proud obstacle that keeps people from knowing God. We capture their rebellious thoughts and teach them to obey Christ. [2 Corinthians 10:4-5 (NLT)]

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LIKE LOCUSTS

The attackers march like warriors and scale city walls like soldiers. Straight forward they march, never breaking rank. They never jostle each other; each moves in exactly the right position. They break through defenses without missing a step. [Joel 2:7-8 (NLT)]

The prophet Joel wrote about God’s coming judgment of Judah but, because there’s disagreement about the date of his prophecy, we aren’t sure if he was describing the approaching Babylonian invasion, God’s final judgment, or both. In any case, the prophet likened the coming army to a swarm of locusts. Like locusts, this invading force would march straight, never break rank or crowd one other, and be unstoppable as they swarmed over the city. Before their arrival, the land would be like the Garden of Eden but, by the time they departed, it would be in utter desolation. Along with Joel, the books of Judges, Jeremiah, Nahum, and Revelation depict enemy hordes as locusts. In Proverbs 30, however, the sage Agur expresses admiration for the “small but wise” locusts because they “march in formation” without a king!

Assuming that Scripture’s words likening locusts to soldiers in a well-organized army were more figurative than scientific, I never gave these grasshopper-like insects much thought. When Charles Spurgeon used them as an example of “how thoroughly the Lord has infused the spirit of order into His universe,” and said, “Locusts always keep their rank, and although their number is legion, they do not crowd upon each other, so as to throw their columns into confusion,” I grew curious.

Normally, locusts are solitary creatures but, when conditions such as flooding or drought cause them to crowd into the same area, physical contact triggers their instinct to become sociable. As they forage for food together, they gather into a swarm of millions. Whether “marching” on land or flying in the air, locusts all go in the same direction and, if the swarm spontaneously changes course, they all switch direction as a group.

Weighing less than a dime, a single locust is hardly worth noticing—an insignificant and unremarkable insect, it’s easily crushed. The locust’s power comes when it joins with others like it. As a swarm, locusts are unstoppable and nearly unbeatable. A single swarm of locusts can number in the trillions, cover hundreds of square miles, move up to 100 miles in a day, and consume over 420 million pounds of vegetation every day!

Sharing a common goal, locusts have learned the best way to achieve it is to act as one. Their singleness of purpose is what makes them unbeatable. They are proof that, when small things come together, they have incredible power. While the cohesiveness of the locusts turns out to be a bad thing for mankind, what if Christ’s church were as unified as these insects? While thinking of the church in terms of locusts isn’t an attractive image, it is a compelling one.

If millions of insects having a brain less than ¼-inch in size can form a united force without having a leader tell them what to do, why can’t Christians? We’re certainly smarter than locusts and we have a king—King Jesus. Under His command, His army of soldiers should be able to gather as one and be a powerful force in this world.

While the locusts’ common enemy is hunger, ours is Satan; one of his favorite strategies is to divide and conquer and he’s done a great job of it! With about 45,000 different Christian denominations worldwide, we’re becoming better known for our scandals, squabbles, splits, and divisions than for our unity, harmony, and cooperation. Christ’s church always will have disagreements but Jesus and the mission He gave us is greater than our disagreements. As part of the same body—the body of Christ—we don’t have to agree on everything to partner with one another. Let us put aside our theological arguments, doctrinal disputes, and cultural biases, along with our different backgrounds, traditions, rituals, and governance to focus on what unites us: our faith in Jesus! Only then will we be able to feed His sheep and “make disciples of all the nations.”

Worldwide evangelism requires the whole church to take the whole gospel to the whole world. [Lausanne Covenant]

“Therefore, go and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit. Teach these new disciples to obey all the commands I have given you. And be sure of this: I am with you always, even to the end of the age.” [Matthew 28:19-20 (NLT)]

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IMITATION

Be imitators of me, as I am of Christ. [1 Corinthians 11:1 (ESV)]

mockingbirdHearing the bird’s shrill harsh scream, I looked up expecting to see a blue jay. To my surprise, it was a mockingbird. Of all the beautiful songs it can imitate, I wondered why the mockingbird chose the strident call of the jay. Then, remembering how many blue jays inhabit our neighborhood, I realized their raucous “jaaaaay” is what the mockingbird frequently hears so that has become part of his song.

It’s not just mocking birds and parrots who mimic what they hear and see. Years ago, a retired friend told me about spending Christmas with his son’s young family in Minnesota. By December 26, he grew tired of hearing the three youngsters squabble over their new toys and this grandpa decided to enjoy some peace and quiet while shoveling the snow. When his young grandson insisted on helping, he gave the youngster a small child-sized shovel but the boy complained that he wanted the big one. Telling him it would be too heavy, Grandpa refused and started shoveling. When the child kept whining about using the big shovel, my friend used a few ill-chosen words before letting the boy give it a try. Of course, once he started with it, the child cried that it was too heavy. “$@#!&)%!” said Grandpa, “I told you so!” There were a few more profanities when the boy grew bored and started to toss snowballs. Eventually, however, the shoveling was finished. While taking off their coats in the house, the youngster proudly announced to his parents, “We just shoveled the whole $@#!&)% driveway!” You can’t blame him for the bad language; like the mockingbird, he was imitating what he’d heard!

Children never have been very good at listening to and obeying their elders but they are experts at imitating us. It’s been said that we should live in such a way that we wouldn’t be ashamed to sell our parrot to the town gossip (or have our youngsters answer questions like those asked by Art Linkletter in his 1960s show Kids Say the Darndest Things.)

Children mimic more than our words; they model our behavior, as well. For years, the kids and I watched my husband give two hard shakes to the handle after locking the front door to his business. Although he’d turn toward the car, before taking a step, he’d turn back around and give that door handle at least one more hard shake—just to make sure it was good and locked. When we returned north last May, I chuckled as I watched my son do the identical thing after locking the front door of the same business! Both our words and behavior get recycled to the next generation.

Children will imitate both the positive and negative aspects of our behavior. They can learn to be polite, considerate, positive, helpful, truthful, and modest or they can learn to be rude, selfish, negative, uncooperative, deceitful, and arrogant. Do we model the right kind of behavior—not just for youngsters but also everyone we encounter? As Christ’s followers, we should—regardless of how provoked, aggravated, or tired we may be.

My father-in-law, whose given name was Paul, was called “Bill” for most of his 96 years. When asked why, he explained that everyone called him “Bill” because he walked just like a man named Bill. Whose walk do we imitate? To be worthy of the name of “Christian,” we should be imitators of Christ and walk and speak as would He. Do we?

Whoever says he abides in him ought to walk in the same way in which he walked. [1 John 2:6 (ESV)]

Therefore be imitators of God, as beloved children. And walk in love, as Christ loved us and gave himself up for us, a fragrant offering and sacrifice to God.[Ephesians 5:1-2 (ESV)]

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IXTHUS

And He said to them, “Follow Me, and I will make you fishers of people.”… “Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a dragnet that was cast into the sea and gathered fish of every kind.” [Matthew 4:19, 13:47 (NASB)]

Fish play a prominent role in Scripture, especially in the New Testament. Jesus preached from a fishing boat, the first disciples were fishermen, and Jesus called them to be fishers of men. It was at His instruction that Peter found tax money in the mouth of a fish and the disciples netted two miraculous catches of fish. Jesus multiplied a few fish and loaves into food enough to feed thousands not once but twice! He compared the Kingdom of Heaven to a fishing net and, after His resurrection, Jesus even ate fish twice with the disciples. The frequent mention of fish in the New Testament, however, doesn’t fully explain how the fish symbol (ixthus/icthus) came to be one of the most recognized symbols of Christianity today.

Shortly after Jesus’ resurrection, the Roman senate declared that following Christ to be an “illegal superstition.” But, because Christianity was viewed as an inconsequential sect and a passing trend, its prohibition wasn’t fully enforced. After Rome burned in 64 AD, however, Christ’s followers were mercilessly persecuted throughout the empire. Depending on the emperor, for the next 250 years, they either were barely tolerated or viciously persecuted! Fearing mass arrests, trials, and brutal executions, Christians lived in fear and didn’t worship openly. The fish symbol, consisting of two interwoven crescent moons, became a secret way they could identify other believers and meeting places.

Aside from its tie-in with Scripture, why the fish? The fish symbol had been used by Greeks, Romans, and other pagans to represent fertility long before Christ, so it wouldn’t attract undue attention (as would a cross or a loaf and cup). The innocuous fish painted or etched on the outside of a house let other Christians know they would be safe and welcome inside. The walls of the ancient catacombs in Rome are filled with images of fish painted or carved there by Christians hiding from persecution. The ixthus also has been found on ancient seals, jewelry, urns, and tombs.

The fish symbol also may have been a way to distinguish friends from foes. According to an ancient story passed down through the centuries, when Christians met a stranger, they would draw an arc in the dirt with their feet. If the stranger completed the fish with a second arc, they knew they were in the company of another believer. If there was no response, the arc was easily erased by stepping on it.

The fish also symbolized the early Christian creed. The Greek word for fish is ichthys (ΙΧΘΥΣ) and when early Christians turned its letters (iota, chi, theta, upsilon, and sigma) into an acrostic, it became Iesous Christos Theou Yios Soter, which translates as a confession of faith with the words “Jesus Christ, God’s Son, Savior.”

It wasn’t until 313 AD, when Constantine legalized Christianity and promoted religious tolerance, that Christians could worship openly and no longer needed a secret symbol to identify themselves or their places of worship. Nevertheless, we see the ixthus on everything from pendants, earrings, and Christmas ornaments to car emblems, lapel pins, and key rings. Jesus’ harsh words about those who practiced their “righteousness” before men when God wasn’t in their hearts tell me that He’s no more impressed by an ixthus on our business cards or tee shirts than He was by the show of extra-wide prayer boxes, extra-long tassels, and extra-loud public prayers of 1st century Judah.

Following Christ is a great deal more than sporting an ixthus on a car bumper or having it tattooed on an arm. Jesus’ concern is our inward experience of the Holy Spirit’s presence and power rather than any outward shows of religion. Before displaying an ixthus or any other Christian symbol, we better know the risen Jesus Christ, obey Him as the Son of God, and trust Him as our Savior. Otherwise, we’re nothing more than “whitewashed tombs”—looking good on the outside but dead on the inside!

It is not the being seen of men that is wrong, but doing these things for the purpose of being seen of men. The problem with the hypocrite is his motivation. He does not want to be holy; he only wants to seem to be holy. He is more concerned with his reputation for righteousness than about actually becoming righteous. The approbation of men matters more to him than the approval of God. [Augustine]

And they do all their deeds to be noticed by other people; for they broaden their phylacteries and lengthen the tassels of their garments. … Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you are like whitewashed tombs which on the outside appear beautiful, but inside they are full of dead men’s bones and all uncleanness. So you too, outwardly appear righteous to people, but inwardly you are full of hypocrisy and lawlessness. [Matthew 23:5,27-28 (NASB)]

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